Abstract This paper begins by addressing the challenges and barriers present in cross cultural communication. The paper then goes on to describe the research conducted in Penelope Benson's article, "The US-Japan Cross-Cultural Connection", as pertaining to the differences in Japanese and American styles of government. Next, the paper describes research conducted by Michelle LeBaron in her article, "Cross Cultural Communication." The paper explains that the focal point of LeBaron's is that fate has a profound affect on cross-cultural communication. The paper lastly discusses Marcelle E. DuPraw's six fundamental patterns of cultural differences as examined in her article, "Working on Common Cross-Culture Communication Challenges."
From the Paper "In an article by Penelope Benson, the President of New York-Japan International, Benson researches a group of individuals who were interning from Japan regarding their perspective on America. These individuals, having been raised from Japan, have only read and studied about America but have never actually experienced it in person. Benson notes that there will obviously be a barrier in the communication of these people. Japan's culture differs immensely from America's culture in countless ways. During the Japanese individuals' internships, Penelope "had asked the interns to consider themselves as Ambassadors of Japan in their everyday interactions with the Americans they encountered, many of whom might never before have met a Japanese national" (Benson, P., 1997). Benson complimented the individuals by saying that they took cross-cultural responsibility into play and challenged the cultural differences by studying and working on them. Among each individual's observations, he/she concluded that, "The diversity of the US populace leads to opposing opinions at all levels of government as to what issues are critical"
Tags: japan america multiculturalism, penelope benson, marcelle dupraw, michelle lebaron
This paper discusses the book "Victorian Prose and Poetry," by Lionel Trilling and Harold Bloom, with a focus on compromise and realism in Victorian literature.
Abstract In Victorian literature, realism followed the age of romanticism and realism quickly evolved into naturalism, practiced by many authors of the time, including Jack London, Mark Twain, Charles Dickens, Jane Austen and Sinclair Lewis. This paper introduces "Victorian Prose and Poetry" in which the authors Lionel Trilling and Harold Bloom discuss the issues of compromise and realism within Victorian literature. They show that the Victorian authors wrote realistically about life and compromised with just enough romanticism to get people to read and enjoy what they wrote.
From the Paper "Compromise is also an important component of Victorian literature. Many Victorian writers, such as Dickens, compromised between Romanticism and Realism, trying to find a balance in their beliefs and how they portrayed them to their audience of readers. Times and culture was changing when these writers wrote, and they had to discover ways to compromise between staid Victorian culture and the modern culture that was rapidly following it. Morals were becoming less strict, and Victorian principles were being replaced with more realistic and modern beliefs. The writers at the end of the Victorian era helped illustrate the changes that were happening, and the compromises that people were making to blend the old and new belief systems."
Abstract In "Jurassic Park" and "The Terminal man", Michael Crichton uses many of the same themes throughout both novels. He gives the readers many ethical and philosophical questions to ponder. The paper shows how Crichton asks many questions such as: Is technology moving too fast? Just because we have the technology to alter nature, do we have the right to use it? What if our technology does more harm than good? Can science outdistance all ethical restraints? The paper shows how both books present the ideas of the power of technology and science over nature and man, the impact and dangers of technological advances on society and mans attempts to control what cannot be controlled.
From the Paper ""The Terminal Man" uses a theory almost identical to the chaos theory in it's explanation of behavior. Gehard, the computer expert at NPR, learned through working with computer programs that, "relatively simple computer instructions could produce complex and unpredictable machine behavior. It was also true that the programmed machine could exceed the capabilities of the programmer." Which is exactly what happened with Benson. The doctors, in their attempt to control his behavior, programmed simple computer instructions which produced complex and unpredictable behavior that they could not control."
Abstract In this article, the writer studies the farm policies in America during the Eisenhower and Kennedy years. The writer places primary focus on the specific moves of President Kennedy in this field. The writer discusses President Kennedy's actions, including raising farmer income, improving supply management and using farm surpluses to augment other programs.
From the Paper "...... American agricultural production grew dramatically while the number of farm workers declined by nearly one-third. What some historians have described as nearly miraculous agricultural productivity was achieved. This was accomplished as a consequence of greater crop specialization, intensive use of fertilizers and increased mechanization of farm work itself. The decline of the family farm and the growth of what came to be called agri-business changed the environment in which agricultural production in the United States took place. Larger farmers benefited ... "
Tags: John F. Kennedy, farm policy, Benson, farm surpluses, Eisenhower
