Abstract The following discussion will focus on problems with cost-benefit analysis in the context of natural resource policy and development. In order to achieve this goal certain fundamental premises must be outlined and accepted. The cost/benefit approach to natural resources holds that natural resources-from clean water to sub-surface minerals-are commodities that ultimately have a value. It also asserts that economic theories and principles can, therefore, be applied to decisions relating to the disposition of natural resources. As a consequence of these first two premises it does not accept any moral arguments: Notably those that assert that conservation is morally superior to extraction or development as costs and benefits cannot be quantified in this paradigm.
Abstract This paper examines the range of benefits available in business organizations in addition to the direct compensation of a salary. It discusses possible benefits which may include health benefits, 401k plans, on-site child care, flextime, support for continuing education and volunteer work on company time.
From the Paper "When most people are contemplating their first job they tend to think about the salary they want. This is perfectly understandable. A good salary is the most measurable of all of the forms of compensation that one can receive at a job and the most easily ..."
Abstract This paper discusses an article by Gary Roberts that is related to benefits and compensation called "An Examination of Employee Benefits Cost Control Strategies in New Jersey Local Governments". The paper explores how New Jersey local governments are reducing benefit costs to their organizations largely through structural displacement strategies that reduce the number of overall employees as well as the number of overall full-time employees.
From the Paper "With the spread of globalization and increasing cost competitive strategies of companies in all industries, controlling the costs associated with operations is a concern for every organization from public to private, profit to non-profit. Usually, the very first method that organizations seek to control costs is with the largest expense associated with staying in business: employee related costs. These include performance, productivity, compensation, and benefit related expenses. In a recent article examining the cost controlling strategies of governmental bodies in New Jersey, Roberts takes a candid look at the nature of these cost control methods as they relate to compensation and benefits visa-vis the employees (2001). Roberts begins by framing the importance of this issue in understanding how these cost structures have expanded over time to become such a large drain on an organization's resources: "The percentage of compensation expenditures devoted to benefits grew from three percent in 1929 to ..."
Abstract This paper examines the major benefit and compensation plans in the United States. It includes a discussion of health care, stock options, and other benefits. It discusses compensation including hourly wages, salaries and commissions.
From the Paper "A comprehensive benefit program for employees of a company would include all of the following elements: A choice of health care options for employees and their family members. This would include access to one or more Health Maintenance or Preferred Provider Organization programs; An option under which an employee that opted out of the company's health care program would be given a monthly cash incentive instead; A dental care program for the employee and family members..."
Abstract This paper deals with the responsibility the employer has in providing healthcare benefits to its employees. It reviews healthcare systems and recommends how the employer can maximize healthcare benefits for employees. Four different plans are reviewed and discussed. The results will possibly lower the employers healthcare cost for employees.
From the Paper "Healthcare and all of the fractured issues included in it is one of the most explosive topics in our society today, both politically and consumer wise. Horror stories are continually told about, among other things, the costs of insurance, the inability to receive care, racial and ethnic disparity, and a host of other intervening variables and conditions. Sometime in the past several years America's healthcare system has managed to avoid the checks and balances of the institutional system and plunge into a state of national crises. Economic and business driven healthcare, wherein medical practitioners are seemingly more interested in stock options and bottom line profits than in their patients, is a blight on society as a whole as well as a failing grade for the government whose obligation it is to preserve and protect the country's citizenry. As such that ..."
Abstract This paper considers the costs and benefits of hosting the Olympics, particularly as an effort to inform the efforts of Beijing in 2008. Through review of the literature, and case studies Seoul and Atlanta, the research shows that Beijing can benefit if they use the hosting to impact the national life of China (including standing in the world) and improve very specific parts of the economy.
Abstract This paper reviews and discusses the health benefits of eating foods containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The paper reports that research has proven DHA to not only be essential for the functional development and growth of an infant's brain, but that it is also vital for the preservation of an adult's normal brain functioning. According to the paper, sources of DHA include fatty fish such as tuna, salmon and mackerel.
Table of Contents:
I.Introduction
Propositions Presented
II. Literature Review
Other Studies
III. Reviews Relate
Benefits Confirmed
From the Paper "Associated risks for eating fish include potential effects of extremely high methylmercury intake, however, chronic exposure to low levels are not solidly grounded regarding health effects. Women of childbearing age, according to the Environmental Protection Agency, need to avoid eating shark, swordfish, King mackerel and golden bass and only eat up to 12 ounces per week of other fish and shellfish. It is recommended that women of childbearing age do not eat more than 6 ounces of Albacore tuna each week."
"In practice, fish consumption, particular oily fish and shellfish, reduces CHD mortality and is noted to likely improved neurological functioning. Potential risks from dioxin, mercury and PCB contamination are outweighed by DHA's probable benefits."
Tags: Mother's, milk, health, benefits, DHA, deficiencies, myocardial, infarction, fish
Abstract The paper discusses the term, "friends With benefits" that is used with a tongue-in-cheek attitude. The paper states that it has been downplayed as a fun type of relationship precluding the commitment level of a more serious attachment. The paper confirms that it is a sexual relationship between friends, without the time or emotional commitment of a romantic relationship and is seen as including all the fun of a sexual relationship without the commitment. The paper warns that it has also not been recognized that the consequences of such a lack of commitment could be both emotionally and physically harmful, which is particularly so among the young and inexperienced. This paper explores the nature of the "friends with benefits" phenomenon and its possible consequences; both positive and negative together with its manifestations among the very young and young adults, with recommendations on how harm could be minimized.
Outline:
Literature Review
Theoretical Application
Implications
Conclusion
From the Paper "According to Murphy (2005), the phrase was coined around 1995, and popularized by an Alanis Morrisette song. The concept has subsequently been implemented by the young generation in their 20s, and further popularized by the media in shows such as Sex and the City (with the term "fuck buddy") and more recently Boston Legal. Murphy further notes however that, as mentioned above, the dangers of the practice have started to make themselves clear in the lives and environment of people in high schools and even in junior high schools. Indeed, the "benefits" include enjoying the physical pleasure of sex without the premature burden of responsibility and commitment, and also a form of sexual empowerment for girls. Benedict Carey (2007) holds that the perceived benefits of such a relationship relates to the fact that the friendship adds an element of longevity that is absent from a fling or a one-night stand. It also provides a sense of companionship that is generally absent from other brief sexual encounters and generally only comes with a longer-term commitment."
Abstract The paper deals with the issue of who pays taxes on employee benefits that are transferred in a divorce agreement. It covers stock options, IRA's, qualified plans and QDRO's.
From the Paper "The issue of how to treat alimony for tax purposes comes up pretty frequently. The basic rule is that the person receiving the alimony payment must include it in their gross income and the person making the payments gets a deduction for their adjusted gross income. The IRS then goes on to clarify what payments made between the former couple are considered alimony. The IRS says that to be alimony there cannot be an agreement that the payment is not alimony, the two former spouses cannot live in the same household, there is no contingent liability to make payments after the death of the payee's spouse and that the payment must be in cash. Any transfer of property other than cash to a spouse under the divorce decree or an agreement is not a taxable event. The transferor would not be entitled to a deduction and the transferee does not recognize income."
Abstract This research paper examines and analyzes the economic costs and benefits of gun control in the United States. The positions of gun control advocates and the gun lobby are compared and conclusions reached accordingly.
Abstract This paper summarizes an article related to cost-benefit analysis in the field of information technology, and considers the use of information technology as a business research tool. It looks at the application of CBA to the workplace.
From the Paper "The question of whether the ends justify the means is more than an esoteric philosophical issue in business - the question has resulted in the development of cost-benefit analysis which determines whether the ends benefits ..."
Tags: cost-benefit analysis, information technology, article summary
Abstract A discussion of the various actors who stand to benefit from the successful removal of Saddam Hussein's government during the 2003 war in Iraq, including the people of Iraq, the citizens of democratic Western governments, the world economy and businesses who will participate in the rebuilding of Iraq. Paper assumes that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction.
From the Paper The Benefits of the War with Iraq The successful removal of Saddam Hussein and his repressive BaathParty government from power in Iraq will benefit the freedom and prosperityof the Iraqi people as well as the people of the Middle East The citizensof the U
Abstract The paper reviews the various types of benefits available to people working in United States. The paper reviews the mandatory and voluntary benefits, pension plans, contributions payable and benefits available to employees. It also discusses the advantage of offering an attractive employee benefit package and its role in employee satisfaction and job retention.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Summary
Introduction
Mandatory Benefits Voluntary Benefits Health Care Plans
Other Benefits Benefit Management Software
Conclusions
From the Paper "The mandatory benefit contributions are unavoidable for both employers and employees. The social security, unemployment insurance and worker compensations have helped the nation provide a basic social security umbrella for its citizens. Even now the unemployed and others who do not have a minimum health and social security cover are estimated to be as many as 40 millions."
Abstract This paper examines how cost benefit analysis refers to the method by which organizations assess the outcome of various actions or projects and how it has often been projected as a useful measurement tool that allows accurate measurement of possible benefits, which are then compared with the costs to be incurred. It looks at how the tool is widely used by the corporate sector for business research. It summarizes one article in connection with cost benefits analysis in business research and sees how it can be applied in an organization or in personal lives. Jennifer Giacin, BS, CSA, in her article, "Cost Benefit Analysis and Business Research", discusses the increasing use of cost benefit analysis in the corporate sector, especially in the area of training programs, and also touches upon the merits and demerits of such actions.
From the Paper "Cost benefit analysis may sound like a scientific term that only few people can understand or implement, but the truth is that this method is regularly used by all of us in professional as well as personal lives. Whenever we are required to make a decision regarding something of importance, we weigh its possible pros and cons before taking the giant leap. Cost benefit analysis is part of human nature and thus consistently used by every rational person. In our personal lives, we encounter situations that require us to make some kind of investment whether emotional, financial or physical. But since these resources are important to us, we want to use them wisely and thus would assess the possible benefits of the action before making a decision."
