Abstract This essay explores the sale of the Hudson's Bay Company to US interests. The paper discusses how the sale of the Hudson's Bay Company, a Canadian institution older than the country itself, is bound to have profound implications on the marketplace, the acceleration of Canadian entities being sold off to foreign interests, as well as the company itself and its employees.
Abstract This is an examination of the environmental issues surrounding the Patapsco River, Inner Harbor, and Chesapeake Bay. It hints as to where the pollution comes from, and gives solutions on what society needs to do in order to clean up our rivers and save our environment.
From the Paper "The Patapsco watershed, particularly some sections in its upper region, suffers from high levels of nutrients, bacteria, and suspended sediments. The known heritage of close to three centuries of pollution and abuse of the Patapsco's resources seem to blame our ancestors for the low oxygen levels, disease, algae blooms, and excess nutrients that are destructing the water (Alliance, 2). It is unfortunate that little used to be known about the harmful effects resulting from damming, channel dredging, pollution, and dumping and how they have taken their toll on the river."
Abstract The topic of this paper is the ill-fated Bay of Pigs Invasion during the Kennedy administration. The author discusses how America's foreign policy of the 1950s and 60s dictated that it prevent Cuba from falling into Soviet hands. The author also discusses how the invasion plan was rushed and put together by the secretive CIA with very little intelligence gathering. The CIA was also able to deceive the President by into thinking the invasion was necessary.
Abstract The paper reviews the recent take-over of Hudson's Bay Company by American Jerry Zucker. The paper considers the recent past of the HBC (and why things have gone so disastrously wrong) as well as the stake-holders most affected by the acquisition. The paper also advances the view that the ultimate impact of Zucker's take-over is still impossible to determine with certainty, but that the change of ownership will assuredly lead to a more American-style managerial approach and to a greater emphasis upon individual employee productivity.
Explores the factors that allowed the Hudson's Bay Company to outlive its competitors by examining what this company had that other fur-trading operations - chiefly the Northwest Company - did not have.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, 2006, $ 71.95
Abstract This paper examines why the Hudson's Bay Company was able to survive and thrive when other fur trading companies, principally the Northwest Company, which was forced to merge with the HBC, were unable to repeat this success. The paper argues that a combination of territorial over reach by the Northwest Company and the traditional advantages of the HBC's Charter eventually proved too much for the smaller company to overcome.
From the Paper "For well over three hundred years, the Hudson's Bay Company has been (or at least was until an American entrepreneur took it over) an enduring icon within the Canadian business world. However, while the company is better known today as a retailer, it began first as a fur-trading company - one so successful that it eventually banished all other competitors."
Abstract This study develops reliable data that fire safety and security management professionals can use in the development of models for smoke detector types and placement in high-bay hangar facilities. Two research questions are investigated in this paper and hypotheses are tested in relation to each research question. The research questions investigated were as follows:
1. What effect does bay height have on smoke detector sensitivity in a high-bay hangar?
2. What effect does the use of a draft curtain have on smoke detector sensitivity in a high-bay hangar?
Each of the hypotheses is supported by the analysis of the data. The results of the research performed for this study show that, as bay height increases (all other factors remaining equal), smoke detector sensitivity decreases. The results of the research performed for this study further show that smoke detector sensitivity is higher when draft curtains are in place than when draft curtains are not in place.
Based on these findings, the paper concludes that the use of draft curtains should be mandated in all high-bay hangars. It concludes, further, that means should be found to deploy smoke detectors at levels lower than ceiling height in bays higher than 15 meters.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Purpose of the Study
Definitions of Terms
Overview of the Remainder of the Study
Review of Literature
Theoretical Framework
Waveform Analysis
Systems Theory
Related Research
Methodology
Research Design
Research Questions and Hypotheses
Variables and Operational Definitions
Data Collection Procedures
Data Analysis
Findings
Results of Testing hypothesis One
Results of Testing hypothesis Two
Summary and Conclusions
Summary of the Results
Conclusions
References
From the Paper "A total of 33 full-scale fire experiments were conducted in two high-bay hangars. The two high-bay hangars were of different heights, thereby allowing the effects of height on smoke detector sensitivity to be measured and assessed. Draft curtains were used in some experiments but not in others. This approach allowed the effects of the use of draft curtains on smoke detector sensitivity to be measured and assessed. Varying fire sizes were used in the experiments."
Abstract In this article, the writer looks at Michael Bay's rise to prominence in film from his background in music video. The writer looks at the different films directed by Bay and mentions the stars who appeared in them. Further, the writer looks at Bay's professional achievements. The writer studies Bay's directive style and characteristics of the direction in his films. Throughout the paper, the writer examines various criticism and discusses the reviews of Bay's work.
From the Paper "Bay was a successful music video and commercial director when he was in his early twenties. His first feature film was 'Bad Boys', starring Will Smith and Martin Lawrence produced in 1995. This action comedy showed some the characteristics that made him well-known as a video producer. It is fast paced and slick with a rapid momentum. One of the hallmarks of the shorter video direction is the terse and "hyper-edited" quality of the film; where the viewer is not given time to ponder or take in the scene at length but propelled into a never-ending sequence of actions and events. This was to be an aspect of Bay's style which was to elicit a certain amount of criticism of films like 'Armageddon'."
Abstract This paper takes a look at the status of the Guantanamo Bay detainees as depicted in various news reports. The paper reports how, according to 'Amnesty International', many of these alleged detainees are in fact, not "enemy combatants" but ordinary people being held "in a legal black hole, many without access to any court, legal counsel or family visits". The paper takes a look at the history of the situation, and events leading up to the crisis in Guantanamo Bay.
Outline:
Introduction
History of Guantanamo Bay The Issues
Torture and Abuse of Prisoners
Discussion
From the Paper "Although President Bush has said publicly, "the United States reaffirms its commitment to the worldwide elimination of torture... freedom from torture is an inalienable human right, and we are committed to building a world where human rights are respected and protected by the rule of law," his administration has actually fostered and encouraged it. Harold Koh (2005) suggests that after the 9/11 attack the administration had the opportunity to set up a democratic long-range plan for controlling terrorism. Instead, the administration looked for shortcuts, and torture was one of them, "a substitute for multilateral police work; the uncertainties of intelligence gathering; the expense of guarding ports, reservoirs, and transportation centers; and the financial regulation necessary to cut off the funding of terrorist groups" (p. 7)."
"Koh (2005) testified before the Senate that the torturing at Guantanamo Bay is done with government authorization. Members of the Bush administration developed a torture policy and a legal rationale for torture was created. In his message to the Senate, Koh states: "Torture and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment are both illegal and totally abhorrent to our values and constitutional traditions. No constitutional authority licenses the president to authorize the torture and cruel treatment of prisoners, even when he acts as commander-in-chief"(p. 8). He went on to say that mistreatment of prisoners also violates the Geneva Convention agreement, under which our own troops are protected from similar treatment. "
Tags: US, UN, security, council, military, court, POW, terrorism, America
Looks at an article by Jack Hawkins about the failed leadership and foreign policy of the 1961 Bay of Pigs crisis, entitled "'Classified Disaster: The Bay of Pigs Operation Was Doomed by Presidential Indecisiveness and Lack of Commitment'.
Abstract This paper explains that one of the most uncertain times in American foreign policy history was in 1961 during the crisis of the Bay of Pigs. The author reviews an article by Jack Hawkins, 'Classified Disaster: The Bay of Pigs Operation Was Doomed by Presidential Indecisiveness and Lack of Commitment' which appeared in the 1996 "National Review". This paper relates that Hawkins alleges that the Bay of Pigs was a failed effort because of presidential indecision and because President Kennedy, though he committed to the initiative, did not back his dedication with the needed support in human assets or in weaponry.
From the Paper "Jack Hawkins says that US air support was a crucial to success or failure of the invasion at The Bay of Pigs. Since the mission, as we know, failed, we will examine what happened to the air support that Hawkins claims was committed to the mission, and then not provided. In a study by researchers James G. Blight and Kornbluh (1999), they agree with Hawkins that the brigadistas or invading expatriates did not receive "expected" US air support. They agree, too, that this was one of the determining factor in the failed exercise."
Tags: expatriates experts, air support, transcripts, military personnel
Abstract This paper presents a discussion about crabbing in the Chesapeake Bay. Crab is a delicacy that is served in fine restaurants across the nation. The crabbing industry has thrived for many years out of the bay however, recent reports of environmental and animal preservation have moved to the forefront of the news. The author believes crabbing should be banned from the bay.
This paper contends that the continued detention of the Guantanamo Bay prisoners without trial is a violation of international and U.S. law and of their human rights.
Abstract This paper explains that, since January 2002, hundreds of foreign nationals are being held in prison camps at the Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base without access to any court, legal counsel or family visits because the U.S. government classifies the prisoners as illegal enemy combatants, while refusing to bring them before a "competent tribunal" to determine their status, as required by Article 5 of the Third Geneva Convention. The author points out that list of human rights abuses by the U.S. authorities at the Guantanamo Bay prison camps is long and scandalous starting with their transportation to the makeshift "X-Ray Camp" in January 2002, when prisoners from Afghanistan were shifted in airplanes while being chained and shackled and forced to wear painted goggles and earmuffs so they could not see or hear anything. The paper contends that, if the U.S. administration is interested in restoring its credibility, it should put the Guantanamo prisoners on trial under the due process of law or release them immediately.
Table of Contents
Status of Prisoners Not Revealed
Illegal Position of US Authorities
Human Rights Abuses at Guantanamo Bay Conclusion
From the Paper "In November 2001, President Bush signed a Military Order for the setting up of military commissions to try the detainees at Guantanamo Bay; the commissions were given the powers to hand down death sentences against whose decision there was no right of appeal to any court. The first trials under the Commission were scheduled for December 2004 and would have been a mockery of the U.S. Justice System as the commissions lacked independence; the defendants had no right to choose their own counsel for an effective defense; and lower standards of evidence were acceptable to the commissions including evidence extracted under torture or coercion. This order too was ruled as illegal on November 9, 2004 when a U.S. District Court Judge held that the Bush Administration had overstepped its authority to try such prisoners as enemy combatants in a military tribunal while denying them access to the evidence used against them. The U.S. government has appealed against the ruling."
Abstract This paper explains that over 500 detainees from countries such as Afghanistan, Iraq and Pakistan have been brought to the U.S. military base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba by the U.S. government under the assumption that they are dangerous terrorists and a threat to the United States. The author points out that (1) they were brought to Cuba because it is not U.S. soil thus the military can deny them the rights guaranteed under the United States Constitution, such as due process, independent counsel and a speedy trial, and (2) they do not even have rights under the Geneva Convention since the U.S. has not declared them prisoners of war, instead labeling them "enemy combatants". The paper contends that the fallout from this situation at Guantanamo Bay has been that the world now sees the U.S. as a hypocrite following constitutional rights only when it is in the country's best interests.
Table of Contents
Constitutional Amendments of the United States of America
Introduction
Justice for All
Convenience of the "Enemy Combatants" Label
What's Going on at Guantanamo Bay?
The Abused as Abusers
International Quagmire
Crusade for National Security
The End is Near?
From the Paper "There are even conflicting reports from the same agency. The Red Cross released a report in 2002 stating that there was no torture going on at Guantanamo and then later did an about-face and condemned the treatment of those same prisoners (Cole). Some prisoners who were released talked about physical and mental torture, being isolated for months at a time, being led around with a dog collar, being attacked by dogs, having to wear women's clothing and of being subjected to the desecration of the Quran in front of them (having pages ripped out and flushed down the toilet). Many of these "tortures" have been confirmed by the US government, namely the FBI (Ardiente), with a shrug and grin, as if they are a practice so common (or relatively innocuous compared to what else they might do) that they are confused as to why anyone would be upset by them."
Tags: constitution, denial, enemy-combatants, hypocrite, muslim
This paper discusses the growing use of technology at EBMUD (East Bay Municipal Utility District ), a publicly owned water company on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay.
Abstract This paper studies technology used by water companies in general and EBMUD specifically. It gives an historical overview of the situation before EBMUD was formed as well as EBMUD's history of technology use up until today. It discusses the environmental conditions in the area and how they have been overcome with technology. It details several advances that technology has helped make such as in water supply, water treatment methods, and waste water treatment.
From the Paper "Technology plays a significant role at the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD). EBMUD is a publicly owned water company that supplies water service for 1.3 million people that live on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay. It provides water and wastewater treatment for Alameda and Contra Costa Counties which include cities such as Oakland and Berkeley. ("About East Bay"). As EBMUD's responsibilities to the public have grown, so has its use of technology from its inception to the present. "
Tags: East, Bay, Municipal, Utility, District, EBMUD, technology, water, company, San, Francisco
Abstract The company was created in 1670 to extract the furs and other resources that had been found in the Hudson Bay region. In its early years, the company represented the growth and settlement of Canada. Still, even when competition came, most notably from the North West Company, the Hudson's Bay Company rose to this competitive threat and remained after an amalgamation of the two companies to lead western development and solidify its prominent role in Canadian history.
Abstract This paper discusses the controversial policy of the U.S. government regarding Taliban prisoners kept in the Guantanamo Bay camps without trial. This paper explores the conditions under which the prisoners are kept, their rights under international and U.S. law, the possibility that some of them may be innocent, the U.S. administration's view point about the issue and what options are being considered for their future.
From the Paper "These prisoners have not been granted the status of prisoners of war, despite criticism by various governments as well as the Amnesty International (AI). ("the Wire" Amnesty International) The AI believes that prisoners captured during the conflict in Afghanistan should be considered prisoners of war. If there is any dispute about their status, the US authorities must allow a "competent tribunal" to decide, as required by the Third Geneva Convention. (Ibid.)"
