Abstract The fact that so many of these artists were of a military background begs the question: Are the themes and styles of English Canadian art during the decades immediately after 1759 influenced by these artist's military backgrounds? To answer this question, this paper will first discuss British artists in Canada during this time, and their backgrounds, and then proceed to an examination of two particular artists and their works.
Abstract This paper describes some famous artists including Rembrandt, Renoir and Sargent. The author gives particular emphasis to artists who painted on canvas and concentrated on portraits of women.
From the paper:
"Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn was considered to be the greatest artist of the Dutch Baroque Era. Rembrandt lived from 1606 until 1669. He specialized in portraiture and was a master of light and shadows. Woman with a Pink, an oil on canvas, was painted by Rembrandt in the early 1660s. The unidentified woman in this warm but somber portrait offers a pink (or carnation), symbolic of marriage, to her husband in Man with a Magnifying Glass. This painting is dark and slightly haunting, with the woman seeming to be lost in deep meditative thought."
Abstract This paper shows how Hughes and Cullen follow Du Bois? prescription in their creations of black art. The author focuses on Hughes? poem "Ballad of the Landlord" and Cullen's poem ?From the Dark Tower,? and derives his definition of Du Bois? artistic prescription from his essay ?Criteria of Negro Art.?
From the paper:
"Amidst the prevailing racial injustice during the Harlem Renaissance, W.E.B. Du Bois charges black artists to use their art to send a message to society: a message of unity to the blacks, and a message rejecting their so-called inferiority to the whites. Black art, Du Bois insisted, should be used as a weapon against racism, demonstrating blacks? worthiness of American status and their ability to conceive Beauty in their art. Countee Cullen and Langston Hughes, whether intentionally or not, followed the artistic specifications set forth by W.E.B. Du Bois in their respective creations "From the Dark Tower" and ?Ballad of the Landlord.?
Abstract This paper is a study on the changing role of the artist in European society, as seen in its case study of Antonio Canova. It asks whether increased demand for art, and increased commercialization, gave the artist greater freedom as it released him from the grip of his patron; or, whether this only subjugated him to new restrictions, those of a competitive market.
From the Paper "Before the nineteenth century artists in Europe relied almost entirely upon their patrons to finance their work. It was extremely difficult, and pretty much unheard of, for an artist to finance his own profession, and there was not a large enough market to create a piece without having a specific buyer in mind. Therefore, patrons could, and often did, exert a large influence on the outcome of the work."
Abstract This paper studies James Joyce's autobiographical tale of Stephen Dedalus. It discusses Stephen's growing self-awareness as a person and as an artist which causes him to dismiss the nationalism and Catholicism and to go to Paris to become a writer. It is a tale of the author's description's of Dedalus's history and what became of him. It includes several excerpts from the book which are analyzed.
From the Paper "If we were to concern ourselves strictly with plot, we might well say of James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man that there is none there. Not a great deal actually happens in this essentially autobiographical tale of Stephen Dedalus, and the narrative follows no clear single trajectory of cause and effect. Rather, in one of the first important uses of stream of consciousness, Joyce tells us in this short novel about Stephen's growing self-awareness as a person and as an artist, a growing self-awareness that will cause him by the end of the book to cast off the nationalism, the Catholicism and the sense of clannishness that defines other members of his father and to set off to Paris to become a writer."
Abstract Sir Charles Eastlake and Mrs. Merrifield added much, perhaps indirectly, to our knowledge of 19th century English artists' techniques. This paper examines their milieu, and how they gained interest in the painting that they wrote upon, along with their published contributions to fine art scholarship. Both authors are looked at in the light of a particular cultural and intellectual environment.
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that James Joyce's "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" portrays the struggle of a unique and artistic soul to find his own distinct voice and identity within the repressive and severe environment of early 20th century Catholic Ireland. The writer points out that the strict ideologies and rules of the Catholic Church perpetuated a society which valued a submission to strict conformity that thrived on fear. The writer discusses that in "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man", one sees the effects that a strict and rigid society has upon the development of an artist. The writer further asserts that, this fear, dispensed by the Catholic Church and welcomed by the Irish people, extended beyond the fear of individuality and change, but encompassed nearly every aspect of the human condition. The writer further notes that, in "A Portrai of the Artist as a Young Man", the Ireland encountered not only demands conformity, but passivity and a "fear of freedom, fear of the body, (and) fear of the complexity of experience.
From the Paper "From this perspective we can understand the roots of Stephen's conformity, as from a young age he is conditioned to believe that deviating from expectations and embracing change and originality results in eternal damnation. Consequently, Stephen comes to see his own individuality as sinful, and in ignoring his unique thoughts and ambitions he is unconsciously repressing his inner voice and artistic soul."
"Much of the curiosity that Stephen yearns to be satiated throughout the book comes from the rigidity of Irish society. In Catholic Ireland, that which was considered taboo or profane was simply ignored and not addressed. As Stephen matures and is forced to confront his sexuality, he is left without an understanding of this part of human nature except to be told that it is sinful."
This paper discusses the Renaissance world of Italian art critic Giorgio Vasari, his concept of artistic genius, and its effect on the standing of female artists.
Abstract This paper explains that Giorgio Vasari's attitude about artistic genius had a permanent impact on our modern view and criticism within the history of art. The author points out that Vasari's idea that unique genius is a part of an unbroken line of tradition, producing works of greatness and significance by male artists rather than women with their limited opportunities at the time of the Renaissance, still haunts women in the arts today. The paper concludes that, until artistic genius is deemed to be innate rather than the constructed concept of Vasari, the denigrated reputation of female artistic contemporaries will never die.
From the Paper "During the period, women's main purpose in life was still viewed in the service of male institutional development. Women's education might be a delightful and entertaining addition to a marriage or to a household full of children, but it was an extraneous commodity, rather than a fundamental necessity. Furthermore, enduring the rigors of marriage and childbirth alone often forced women to abandon their education entirely, and a female humanistic tradition could not be "built up" as it was for men after the period in human history ended. Thus, although there may have been a stylistic Renaissance in the education of middle-class girls, and an individual Renaissance of education of sorts for some individual, women, the contribution of artists such as de? Rossi was not seen as significant as those of her contemporaries were."
Abstract This paper studies the different concepts related to networks and communications, as well as the establishment of an online academic community for artists. It looks at the online academic community that Stanford University has started in the pursuit of determining whether such a community can be beneficial for all the artist students. The paper includes graphs and tables.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Review of Literature
Network Defined
Social Networks
The Upsurge of Different Social Networks
The Role that Social Networks Play
Communication Networks
Computer Mediated Networks and Hyperlink Networks
The Internet Phenomenon
Community Web Sites
Emergence of Networks' Commercial Markets
Privatization and Rising up of World Wide Webs
Academic Networks
Personal or Face-to-Face Networks
Online Networks
Implication to Communication and Information Networks
Barriers to Network Communication
On Freedom
On Control
Establishment of an Online Community
Comparison of an Online Community versus Physical Community
The Artist The Artist as An Inventor and Scientist
The Artist As Part of An Online Academic Community
Case Study (Club Nexus)
Discussion
Advantages of putting up an Online Academic Community
Other Areas to Consider
Conclusion
From the Paper "Meanwhile, the coming of the new millennium has brought new and more challenging technologies. Different forms of communications such as Internet, mobile phones and SMS, Internet chat or MIRCs, and e-groups penetrated majority of the countries around the world. Communication through computer - generated networks became very visible. This enables any individual to talk with someone you cannot see in a face-to-face basis, to buy something and have it delivered without having to go out of your home, to research for any information with just one click on the Internet, or to meet new friends. Even on - line studies or distance education through computer - generated communication sprouted like mushrooms. More and more schools started to offer distance form of learning to accommodate students who, due to lack of time, opted to enroll in a much "scheduled-free" learning method. Furthermore, the idea of learning through online gave birth to online academic communities, as pioneered by Stanford University's Club Nexus. This academic community brings the students of the same preference closer to one another and at the same time broadens the students "world"."
Abstract In this article, the writer analyzes the book "A Hunger Artist" by Franz Kafka. The writer notes that as a symbol for alienation, A Hunger Artist is one of the most explicit stories related to the condition of the artist in a world he does not feel he belongs to. The writer points out that it is also a reflection on the condition of the artist constantly needing attention, but also willing to stay apart from the crowd. The writer discusses that both, Kafka and the Hunger Artist are condemned to a life imprisoned inside their own feelings and universe, unable to communicate with the world, kept prisoners by their inner universe, a microcosm inside a macrocosm. The writer concludes that like other characters of Kafka's literary work, the main character in this story is trapped by his own condition and by his lack of ability to escape it.
From the Paper "The cage he willingly exposes himself in to the masses stands both for anathema and protection from direct contact to the rest of the world. Who were those exposed in a cage to the public opprobrium, in ancient times? The villains, the criminals, the thieves were subjects to such a treatment. And yet, the artist puts himself in a cage expecting the world's admiration and approval, or even more, its understanding. The Hunger Artist in the cage is not likely to be seen in reality, but it is the perfect image of alienation in a world that does no reflect anything of the artist's soul. Every artist is craving for understanding and for approval in this sense. The Hunger Artist also symbolizes the artist's love for sensational. The author himself seems to see the world through the Hunger Artist's eyes. He is aware that his existence is useless unless the world understands, approves and constantly admires him. On the other side, he seems unable to understand the world in his turn. He chooses fasting as a life career, admitting at one point, that it is easier than it seems. He chooses being different as a carrier, on the other side it seems that he cannot help it, it seems the carrier chose him. Anything can be brought to the rank of an art, so fasting is the art of the Hunger Artist."
Abstract This paper takes a look at the 'The Hunger Artist' by Franz Kafka. According to the paper, 'The Hunger Artist' is an unforgettable story that recounts the pain and anguish of an artist who earns money through public fasting. The paper discusses how this mordant tale is highly symbolic in nature and signifies the rapid though subtle death of the artist and his art.
From the Paper "The artist also shares a weird relationship with the public. This is an interesting point to understand. The artist is in love with his profession but his love is fleeting. It is not based on his true passion for his art but on the fact that it gives him public adulation and respect. He is craving for public's love and when that love is taken away, his passion for his art diminishes to the point that it becomes non-existent. Kafka is trying to explain that art never dies and the artist doesn't have to starve if he feeds on his passion. But if it is people's adulation that he is craving, he is always vulnerable. The conversation with the supervisor highlights this sickness. "
Abstract This paper examines how early Renaissance artists, such as Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci and Mantegna, among others, successfully gained intellectual recognition and respect, and achieved acceptance of their artistic work in the same way as other liberal arts with reference to Francis Ames-Lewis' book, "The Intellectual Life of the Early Renaissance Artist" (2000).
From the Paper ?Ames-Lewis explores the methods and attitudes that were adopted and promoted in order to further the recognition of the artist as a creative genius who possesses and develops a unique identity and individuality.In his beautifully illustrated volume, Ames-Lewis investigates the gradual increase in the status of the artist, both from the personal efforts of the individual artists, who strongly believed that they merited a status greater than that of a craftsmen, and also from the changing perception of the society in which they lived and worked. He examines the cultural ethos of the time, which placed an increasing importance and prestige on those who were perceived as being "learned", thus concentrating the artists? desire to develop, and exhibit, their intellectual prowess, in addition to their recognized artistic talents.?
Abstract This paper details the life and many accomplishments of acclaimed artist Georgia O'Keeffe and probes her brilliant use of every color on the palate. The writer also discusses how O'Keeffe's unique artistic methods are currently used in art teaching on every level from elementary schools to the finest universities throughout the world.
Topics covered in this report include:
Thesis Statement
O'Keeffe's Theoretical Context of Post Modernism
The Impacts of O'Keeffe's Use of Color
O'Keeffe's Treatment of Gender and Sexuality
Georgia O'Keeffe - The Artist's Context and the Person
Bibliography
From the Paper "However, with undaunted enthusiasm from 1950 through 1964 she did continue to produce works albeit not many with the zeal and fire and passion of her earlier works in the formative years. And, when loss of eyesight handicapped her further in the early seventies she began working in three dimensional art works in clay and with the assistance of Jaun Hamilton reentering the art world in 1973."
Abstract In this report the author examines the photographer as an artist and what he can contribute to natural art. From the other point of view the author also examines how art has influenced photography. He cites many opinions of famous artists and photographers. The conclusion of the paper clearly communicates that in society today art and photography cannot be considered mutually exclusive.
From the Paper "Limitations in photographic technology determined the imagery left from the Civil War. Because exposure took several seconds, Brady heavily favored images that didn't move. For example, full regiments in formation often held still for the camera. Additionally, the gruesome aftermath of battles constituted the other predominant category of Civil War photos. For a country that had been reared on the adventure and glories of war portrayed in paintings, the overall impression of this rupture in the American psyche was depressingly grim, drab and nauseating."
Tags:artists, painting, museums, light, camera, studio
Abstract This paper contains a concise biographical background of artist and sculptor Constantin Brancusi as well as relevant information regarding his more famous works of art, including: "Endless Column" and "Gate of Kiss." The writer of this paper explores Brancusi's intense expressiveness of abstract form as well as his handling of simplistic and basic themes of nature which garnered him much respect and fame as one of the great artists of the 20th century. This paper also details Brancusi's use of stone, wood and metal, coupled with his personal background and contemporary Romanian themes that evidence his social, political and aesthetic ideas to produce works of art that led to his well-earned reputation as a revolutionary modern artist.
From the Paper "One example of a personal biographical detail that influenced Brancusi's life was his childhood in Tahiti. Although he was born in Craiova, in Southern Romania in 1876, he spent his childhood and youth in Tahiti. He was born into a large peasant family, and the family maintained its poverty throughout Brancusi's childhood. Brancusi did not go to school, but worked as a herdsman, first watching the family flock, then working for other country people in the Carpathian Mountains. Here, he learned to carve wood by fashioning tools and implements, through a popular art form making spoons, bedposts, or cheese presses, all of which were ornamented with carvings, but also for making the facades of homes."
