Abstract
This paper introduces the renowned 19th century French painter Claude Monet. It discusses his life and examines one of his works in detail. The paper argues that Monet is unquestioningly the father of impressionism, and paved the way for the abstract expressionism. The author states that Monet's painting techniques rejected the standard art of time and came to influence painters today.

From the Paper
"Since childhood he displayed the geniuses of an artist when he produced some of his marvelous caricatures and supplied to an art store at the age of sixteen (Monet French). This is where he met Boudin who saw in him the germs of an emerging artist and convinced Monet to step out in the world to prove his ability to paint. In 1860 Monet came across Pissarro at the Acad?mie Suisse in Paris (Monet French). Monet's love of art and painting faced many challenges and his career as a full-fledged artist saw many hardships (Monet French). "

Tags: 19th, century, france, impressionism, painting, technique

From the Paper
"How does a work of art come to be? It might seem necessary to define "work of art" before one proceeds to answer this question, but many thinkers find it necessary to introduce notions of creation when trying to distinguish works of art from other sorts of objects. The situation seems to be this: If one answers the question, "What is a work of art," one will presuppose an answer to "How does a work of art come to be?" And if one answers the question, "How does a work of art come to be," one will presuppose an answer to the question, "What is a work of art?" How can we escape the circle?
It seems sound to say that works of art are differentiated from natural objects because human making (creation) is necessary to the former but not to the latter. But not all artifacts, or ... "

From the Paper
"This report will discuss some of the characteristics of the art--particularly the paintings--of ancient Minoan Crete. It will seek to relate these to what we know or can infer about other aspects of Minoan civilization, and will inquire into the Minoan roots of later Western civilization.
The Minoan civilization of prehistoric Crete lies as a great question mark beneath the foundations of Western civilization. Of Minoan history we know almost nothing at all: the Egyptians left only a handful of oblique references to the "Keftiu," and from the Minoans themselves we have only some tablets inscribed in "Linear All--written in no known language--and (from the last period of Minoan civilization) some others inscribed in "Linear B." These can be read; they are in an early form of Greek. Alas, they record no history or poetry, but only "data processing"."

From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to discuss French Impressionist painting. Impressionism was a style of art that flourished in the late Nineteenth Century. It found expression in a number of artistic media, including drawing, sculpture, literature and music. In addition, it was a style that developed into many different schools of thought throughout Europe and the United States. The focus of this paper, however, will be on the French Impressionist school. It will consider the styles of the major painters of that school, namely Edouard Manet, Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Claude Monet, Edgar Degas and Paul Cezanne. By comparing and contrasting the works of these artists, this paper will seek to evaluate their contribution to the history and development of art as a whole.

In one sense, the French Impressionist movement marked a (...)"

From the Paper
" Willem de Kooning is a Dutch-American painter who was born in 1904 at Rotterdam and who first studied art in Amsterdam. He later studied under the avant-garde artist Bernard Romein. He came to the United States in 1926, and his work at the time was conservative and traditional. He soon joined the circle of Arshile Gorky and other artists prominent in the abstract expressionist movement. Under that influence, de Kooning started to experiment in advanced techniques of abstraction derived from Kandinsky and the late Cubism of Picasso.
In the 1930s, de Kooning painted in several manners at the same time. He produced portraits and figure studies seemed to suggest the late works of Giacometti. De Kooning stands out from his contemporaries by being the only one to make the human figure, first male and then female, a central theme of his work..."

Tags: ART: GENERAL

From the Paper
"Sculpture in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance had different forms and different styles, but in each case sculpture as an art form changed from the previous era to a more important position in relation to other types of artwork and in relation to the purpose of sculpture itself. In the Middle Ages, sculpture achieved an importance in itself that it did not have in the late medieval period in Europe. In both the Middle Ages and the Renaissance era, sculpture involved a revival of certain earlier forms and styles as well, recalling an earlier period and Classical originals in the case of the Renaissance.


The era of the Middle Ages is divided into more than one period. Janson (1986) notes that during the Romanesque period, there was a revival of monumental stone sculpture that was remarkable because there had been no indication before that this..."

Tags: ART: GENERAL

From the Paper
"Claude Monet produced a number of beautiful works late in life under very difficult conditions. His eyesight was beginning to fail, and he painted a number of pictures from memory rather than from life, notably pictures set in London and Venice. Monet had traveled extensively in Venice, and clearly this period in his life made an impression and influenced him so that when he needed a subject, he returned to this time and recalled images from his visit. A consideration of the development of Monet's style and how it was manifested during this period when his eyesight was failing can be illustrated with reference to the work "Grand Canal, Venice."

From the Paper
"Jean (Hans) Arp had a long and productive career in art during which he created numerous wood reliefs, collages and sculptures. Arp was associated with such movements as Dadaism, Surrealism, and Abstract-Creationism, and he experimented with elements of chance and automatism in his works. Arp's creations shocked the world when they were exhibited for the first time in 1916. However, it can be seen that Arp was presenting an important message regarding the relationship between art and life. In particular, by using chance elements, Arp tried to remove himself from his own art and to thereby allow his works to be closer to nature. This paper will explore this theme in Arp's work, and will relate it to the ideals of the various art movements that Arp was associated with.

Jean Arp was born in 1887 in a part of France which was at ... "

From the Paper
"Art therapy has come a long way since it was introduced into the psychoanalytic community in the 1940s. At first, it was used primarily as a tool for analysis by the therapist. Early practitioners felt that their role was to analyze the artworks on their own and to then guide their clients toward greater mental health on the basis of that analysis. In the 1950s, Viktor Lowenfeld became an important spokesperson for this approach to art therapy. Later, some therapists shifted their emphasis to "the integrative and healing properties of the creative process itself". ( As such, art therapy became concerned not only with the idea of helping clients to express their inner feelings, but also with the idea of helping them to work directly with the therapist toward an understanding and interpretation of the art itself."

From the Paper
"Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446) was an important figure in Italian Renaissance art during the early fifteenth century. A resident of Florence, Brunelleschi was widely known during his time as a sculptor and architect. In addition, he made important contributions to the development of perspective as seen in the arts of drawing and painting. Without a doubt, however, Brunelleschi's greatest achievements were in the field of architecture. One of Brunelleschi's innovations in architecture was the development of the use of accurate proportions. Most architects during his time attempted to plan their buildings without making careful use of the principles of geometric design. In contrast, Brunelleschi sought to replace "the earlier builders' freehand treatment of arithmetical ratios with exact measurements". In making this innovation, ... "

From the Paper
"This paper will be concerned with anti-Semitism as seen in the art of the medieval period. Anti-Jewish sentiments in general were widespread throughout Europe in the Middle Ages. During that time, the Christian Church was attempting to become a dominant force in European society. Starting in the fourth century A.D., the Church "claimed universal sovereignty as a legacy from Constantine the Great". With this purpose in mind, the leaders of the Christian Church made a forceful effort to take over the known world of their time. Those leaders were extremely intolerant of any form of heretical dissent. For this reason, the medieval Church instituted "severe restrictions on progressive thought". This led to the official persecution of a variety of nonChristian groups, including the Jews. In addition to the fact that they rejected the teachings ... "

From the Paper
"This study will examine the lives of painters Gilbert Stuart and Rembrandt, and will focus on a description and comparison of two portraits by those painters, Stuart's "Ann Penn Allen" and Rembrandt's "Portrait of a Young Woman." The study will first present brief biographical backgrounds of the two painters and will then offer descriptions and comparisons of those two portraits.


Stuart was born in 1755 near Newport, Rhode Island, and died in 1828. He spent his early years in Newport, and approximately 1769 began studying under Cosmo Alexander, who was a Scottish portrait painter. Stuart returned with Alexander in 1772, and returned to Newport after his teacher's death. He returned to Britain to paint during the Revolution in the United States, studying under Benjamin West. He moved to Dublin from London in..."

From the Paper
"This paper will analyze the painting Bacchante with a Monkey (1627) by the Dutch artist Hendrick Terbrugghen (1588 - 1629). The painting is in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Malibu, California.


Bacchante with a Monkey is painted in the Baroque style. Terbrugghen was deeply influenced by the Italian painter Caravaggio, and this work exhibits that influence fully. The romantic choice of subject matter coupled with the naturalistic style of painting and the particular technique in using light and shadow are all elements of the Caravaggesque style.


Terbrugghen was from the city of Utrecht, in Holland. At the age of sixteen he travelled to Rome, Italy, and spent the next ten years of his life there. While in Rome, Terbrugghen became deeply influenced by the work of the early Baroque master..."

From the Paper
"The National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) is responsible for funding many art projects throughout the United States. Recently, controversy has arisen concerning the group's funding of what right-wing fundamentalists consider "pornographic" art. As reported by NEA chair John Frohnmayer: "A dozen arts professionals in Seattle were informed that 'political realities' make it likely I will have to veto some grants recommended by the Endowment's peer panels.". These "political realities" come in the form of protests from people like Pat Robertson and Senator Jesse Helms who feel the NEA has recently funded some artists' works depicting what they consider "obscenity."
The NEA has funded many worthwhile projects in communities all over the country, for example, orchestras performing Brahms and Prokofiev's "Peter and the Wolf." However, shows exhibiting..."

From the Paper
"Napoleon In His Study

Jacques Louis David is most famous for his sweeping historical pictures that make political statements. The Oath of the Horatti and the Death of Marat were not just paintings but public manifestos. They were proof that art could be used to influence men's conduct. As Citizen David, friend of the revolution, he sought to create pictures that not only told a tale but also inspired courage, patriotism, and action. His themes dealt with issues on a grand scale and related to self-sacrifice, devotion to duty and civic virtues. However, "David is not only associated with the French Revolution but also with the era of the EmpireA" (Van Loon, 1937, p. 543). At 51, he began a new and triumphant career chronicling the glory of Napoleon."