The Causes of Criminal Behavior

Paper Summary:

The paper discusses how experts have blamed biological, psychological and social factors for the making of a criminal. The paper looks at the biological theory that certain individuals are predisposed to the commission of criminal acts as a result of their genetic make-up. The paper points out, however, that environmental conditions must still be present that induce criminal tendencies to manifest themselves. The paper also examines how individuals may be affected by psychological factors and social influences. The paper concludes that while biology may play a role, it is clear that criminals are made, not born.

From the Paper:

"The perennial problem of crime has led to many theories on the origin of criminal behavior. Over the years, experts have blamed a range of factors: biological, psychological and social. Supporters of the biological explanation look for genetic attributes that can be associated with criminality. They seek either "criminal types" or specific genes that create a propensity for such personality attributes as violent behavior, amorality, mendacity, and so forth. Those who favor a psychological approach examine the ways in which an individual reacts to the life situations that he or she encounters. Perhaps the adult criminal was sexually abused as a child. He or she responded to this treatment by becoming violent and abusive toward others, venting his or her rage through criminal acts directed against persons who call to mind his original tormentors."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Fagan, Patrick. "The Breakdown of the Family: The Consequences for Children and American Society." Issues '98: The Candidate's Briefing Book, 6, 11. The Heritage Foundation, (1998).
• Jackson, Nora Mary, and David B. Center. "Inhibition of Antisocial Behavior and Eysenck's Theory of Conscience." Education & Treatment of Children 25.4 (2002): 522+.
• Kemp, Dawn and Center, David. "Troubled Children Grown Up: Antisocial Behavior in Young Criminals." Education and Treatment of Children, 23, 3. Atlanta, GA: Georgia State University, 223-238, (August, 2000).
• Raine, Adrian. "Biosocial Studies of Antisocial and Violent Behavior in Children and Adults: A Review." Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 30.4 (2002): 311+.
• Shelden, Randall G. "Gene Warfare." Social Justice 27.2 (2000): 162.

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