Paper Summary:

This paper examines and analyzes several examples of Song and Ming literature that were influenced, written or were about women. This is described in light of the constraints that Chinese civilization placed on women. The paper notes, however, that many women had different kinds of agency and the respect of men, as seen in the female rebels making up the 108 of the "Outlaws of the Marsh" set in the later southern Song period. The paper also cites a passage from "Jin Ping Mei" about sheltered women who managed to effect what they wished in the outer world of men.

From the Paper:

"Chinese civilization has been notoriously sexist and oppressive in its treatment of women, but the works discussed in this paper indicate something else occurring within this framework, in women who do have agency, in a particular female consciousness and approach that can rather see men as a collective, not always bright enemy, easily overcome by feminine wiles. However, in the classical story of armed resistance at the end of the Song Dynasty (960-1270 AD) as is discussed next, the reader also sees that men and women were able to join together as equals in the..."

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