Affirmative Action

Paper Summary:

This paper explains that one of America's greatest challenges is discrimination against minorities. To right the wrong, affirmative action programs have been established, especially in the area of education. The author reviews two recent puzzling U.S. Supreme Court cases. In Grutter vs.Bolling, the vote was 5-4 to uphold the University of Michigan's law school affirmative action policy, which favors minorities, but in Gratz vs. Bollinger, in a 6-3 vote, the Supreme Court justices struck down the affirmative action policy for undergraduate admissions. The paper relates that, on a basic level, this means that minorities will have a more practical advantage in gaining admission to college than they will to graduate school.

From the Paper:

"Many of our successful citizens do not have graduate educations, but far fewer do not have undergraduate educations. So from a purely practical standpoint, it makes sense that minorities are still granted (for the time being, at least) an advantage at the college level. However, from a constitutional perspective, where are we to go? The laws must be narrowly tailored, but does not this stymie their effectiveness?"

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