Abstract This paper considers the globalization of and relationships within British Airways. It explores the international strategic challenges the company faces in the financial sector. The paper offers an overview of the airline industry of British Airway's position in the industry. The author also includes schematic representation.
From the Paper "The airline industry is one of the most heavily regulated industries in the world with some governments actively subsidizing their nation's air carriers and other government ..."
Abstract This paper explains that the recent bankruptcy filing by U.S. Airways has led to cost cutting, which includes reducing company contributions to employee retirement plans. The author points out that this action, which is not unique to this airline, threatens the future financial security of employees. The paper relates that more and more companies are reducing employee retirement spending, forcing employees to assume more responsibility for their financial future.
From the Paper " A recent U.S. Airways decision to cut company contributions to employee retirement plans in order to save costs may be an indication of what employees have to look forward to in industries across the board. In the case of the troubled airline, which recently filed for its second bankruptcy in two years, reducing ... million in retirement payments for mechanics and flight attendants, is part of a last-gasp effort to avoid liquidation and give the company ..."
Tags: benefits, 401(k), retirement, ERISA, US Airways
Abstract The paper shows that as the early boom of commercial air travel peaked in the late sixties and early seventies, the cost levied by the most popular and powerful airlines had virtually no standard of limitation. There was little competition in Great Britain for economic command of the air industry and the British Parliament's cozy relationship with British Airways ensured a monopolistic situation in which the consumer was not offered the advantages of a competitive market. The paper explains how this changed for a brief period in 1971 when Freddie Laker, former managing director of British United Airways, unveiled some of the groundbreaking features of his new Laker Airways. The paper discusses Laker's struggle in creating a Skytrain and the methods used by British airline in their attempts to prevent his airline dream of becoming a reality.
ITconcludes with the eventual folding of Laker Airlines in 1982 after it failed to break into the European market.
From the Paper "His vision was of a steady service from London to New York with no advanced booking and no frills called Skytrain. The idea was to establish a first-come first-served day-of-departure system. For many years, Laker's innovations stalled in the courts, where the major airlines, who stood to lose the most form Laker's savvy, philanthropic business measures, wrangled to keep the Skytrain dream from lifting off the ground. The cut-rate fares and option laden flight packages that Laker Airways had spearheaded reflected rather poorly on the common practices of other, more bureaucratic and heretofore lucrative air companies. To avoid the exploitation of their flaws as consumer servicemen, as well as to stifle the rise of an able usurper in Freddie Laker, the major airlines united to throw one legal roadblock after another into the pathway of Skytrain and a proliferation of flyers? rights."
Tags: trans-Atlantic, British, Department, of, Trade, and, Industry
Abstract The paper discusses the background and activities of AirTran Airways, one of the largest and most successful low-fare airlines in the United States. AirTran Airways has received several awards and recognitions for its performance and service. The paper states that the success experienced by AirTran airways is a direct result of its effective marketing strategies which addresses the target market through the marketing mix of "four P's": product, price, place and promotion. The paper elaborates on these parameters that have enabled the airline to achieve its success.
From the Paper "In general, AirTran Airways at its start-up attracted customers through the advertisement of low air fares, and expansion strategy that was aggressive, and a promotion that allowed customers between the ages of 18 and 22 years old to purchase flights very cheaply by flying stand-by (Barrett, 2006). Successful promotional strategies resulted in AirTran Airways being one of only a few airlines that recorded profit after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (Barrett, 2006). Furthermore, AirTran Airways has reported steady increases in its annual revenue over the past years since its inception."
Abstract The paper describes how British Airways treats corporate employees so they can achieve organizational success for the company. The paper then looks at British Airways' beliefs in the efficiency in using their aircrafts and their reduction of their fleet and increase in flights. The paper also discusses how the management at British Airways attempts to incorporate the latest technological advancements.
Outline:
Organizing the Human Resource
Organizing the Physical Assets
Organizing the Technologies
From the Paper "British Airways is a UK based company activating in the airline industry and operating throughout the world. Given that it operates on such a changing and demanding industry, the company has, on numerous occasions, been faced with the need to modify and improve their business components. The need to implement numerous changes was mostly generated by external forces. The most relevant of these are accounted by theoretical changes in the managerial approach, meaning that the company is to place more emphasis on satisfying the customers' needs and also increasing the staff's satisfaction on the job. Other factors were generated by major technological developments which had to be incorporated. In addition, the new strategies implemented by the competition forced British Airways to adjust to the market requirements and further develop. Then, there were the tragic events of 9/11 in the United States, which severely impacted the airline industry and reduced the population's trust in airplanes. All these, along with other forces as well, have determined the management at British Airways to place more emphasis on the organizational process."
Abstract This paper presents an examination of British Airways and its corporate governance. The writer explores the corporate policies and mandates of the airline, as well as discussing how corporate governance can be translated to work for British Airways in the nation of Japan. It shows how, as the world continues to globalize, and airlines continue to suffer from economic woes, it has become vitally important for airlines to have solid corporate support behind the decisions the company makes. It looks at how, in looking to expand, the airline might consider opening its doors in Japan. It shows that, while Japan is a nation with different traditions and cultures than those in Britain, there are many of British Airline's corporate practices that would dovetail perfectly with that nation.
From the Paper "The second aspect of corporate responsibility for the airline is managing the responsibility that it has bestowed upon itself. This means not passing the buck to those who are not involved, and not trying to blame others for things that go wrong. This is also another important aspect of allowing the airline to move into Japan as the country can rest assured that the company will accept responsibility for its actions and be accessible for communication if problems developed.
The very idea that the company names managing responsibilities as one of their important corporate policies means that it is a foundational portion of the way the company is set up to be run."
Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the global airline industry and environmental factors affecting the airlines of today. It examines the marketing practices of airline companies focusing on those of British Airways. It also proposes the development of a marketing plan in order to advise British Airways for future development.
Outline
Introduction
The Airline Industry
EU Enlargement
Industry Factors
Marketing Plan
Positioning
Product
Place
Price
Promotion
Conclusion
From the Paper "Firstly all airlines have to contend with factors in the micro environment. This includes an airline's competitors. Marketers, as well as adapting to the needs of target customers must also position their service strongly against what a competitor has to offer. An airline's pricing strategy and flexibility for example are important factors in determining whether a customer will fly with an airline or its competitor. A recent problem of the major airlines such as BA is the development of low-cost carriers such as RyanAir. They are playing an increasing role in commercial aviation accounting for more than 30 million passengers annually outside the US."
Abstract This paper discusses the issues facing the airline industry in the United States. In particular, it discusses the large number of airlines vying for competition and how this is impeding profits. The paper focuses on U.S. Airways' decision to acquire Delta and analyzes whether U.S. Airways made the right strategic move in doing so. The paper concludes that there is cost saving potential, but that Delta is a poor fit for a variety of reasons.
From the Paper "The need for mergers in the airlines industry is compelling and combing airlines can have many synergies. But, has US Airways selected the right company to merge with? The answer appears to be no. Being number one does not necessary guarantee being profitable. There are usually cost saving opportunities through eliminating redundant operations in any merger, but the timing of the US Air acquisition and the fit between the companies are likely to impede progress. Given the immaturity of integration between US Airways and America West, US Airways is not in a position to take on a larger company that wishes to remain independent. Further, Delta hubs don't particularly compliment those of US Air. Perhaps rival United might rescues U.S. Air from its on blunder by making a higher bid for Delta."
Abstract This paper examines how regional airline carriers can gain a competitive edge by providing quality customer service with a smile and how JetBlue Airways is evidence of this in action. In order to determine what JetBlue is doing right and what others are doing wrong in terms of the relationship between the company's crew members and its customers, and how these serves add value for the company, this paper provides an analysis of the case study, "JetBlue Airways - Adding Value." It also includes a critical review of the relevant peer-reviewed literature concerning this carrier and its customer service approach. A summary of the research and important findings are presented in the conclusion.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "Even though words do in fact have power, it is probably impossible to force employees to be friendly and courteous to others, but it is possible to inculcate a corporate culture that encourages and rewards a friendly attitude towards internal and external customers, and this is precisely what JetBlue did to help accomplish the above-stated goal. "JetBlue has created a strong and vibrant service-oriented company culture. The company reinforces this culture by explaining to its employees the importance of customer service and the need to remain productive and keep costs down (Bodouva & Bodouva, 2004, p. 317). Indeed, JetBlue makes it clear to their employees that being courteous to each other as well as the company's customers is one of the reasons they have a job in the first place. "
Abstract The paper focuses on AirTran Airways, a high-growth, high-leverage company operating in the discount airline industry. The paper examines the company's key competitors, the two important success factors of differentiation and control of cost structure as well as the performance measures of success in the airline industry. A SWOT and financial analysis of AirTran Airways is provided as well as an assessment of the company's investment potential and a company valuation.
Outline:
Introduction
Company Background
Key Competitors
Keys to Success
Performance Measures
SWOT
Financial Analysis
Conclusions
Valuation
From the Paper "AirTran Airways is a discount airline based in Orlando, Florida. The current incarnation of AirTran was created in 1997 when ValuJet bought what was then a much smaller AirTran and adopted the brand. The company operates its main hub from the former ValuJet hub of Atlanta-Hartfield. The company today also has sizeable operations in two other airports, Orlando and Baltimore-Washington. AirTran services 52 markets (all but one in the US), and operates over 700 flights per day, totals which are both growing at a steady pace. They operate a fleet of over 120 aircraft, with firm orders to take them over 180. AirTran serviced over 20 million passengers in 2006."
A paper which shows the results of an experiment measuring the production, circulation, and reuptake of endogenously produced Nitric Oxide in the human upper airway.
3,910 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 12 sources, 2001, $ 106.95
Abstract It was hypothesized that if nitric oxide (NO) was involved in the temperature and humidity conditioning of nasal air, then its release from the nasal passages into the lumen of the upper respiratory airway should vary between inhalation and exhalation. The author of this paper further hypothesized that nasal nitric oxide release varies during wakefulness and sleep, being decreased at night due to both a reduction in nitric oxide release into the nasal passages and increased uptake of NO by the lower respiratory tract. The paper shows that through human testing and modeling, the release of NO was shown to be greater upon inhalation than exhalation. It discusses that since this is contrary to passive physics there must be an active mechanism behind this process which preserves nasal patency and conditions nasal air.
From the Paper "Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous compound with important functions in the immune, nervous, and cardiopulmonary systems. In the respiratory tract it plays a role in ciliary beat frequency, mucus secretion, bronchodilation and vasodilation(1). Endogenously produced nitric oxide has been found in the exhaled air of humans and the majority of exhaled NO originates in the nasal passages(2). As a nonpolar molecule, it has a low solubility in comparison to other gases. Its Henry's Law constant koH (mol/kg*bar) is reported to be 0.0019 by Lide and Frederikse(3). This low solubility in combination with a concentration gradient drives the NO out of the nasal mucosa and into the airway. "
Abstract This paper provides an overview of how Jet Blue Airways exists in the current aviation market. The paper explains its marketing strategy, its customer service policy, and the technological advantages it possesses over its competitors.
From the Paper "With the turn of the century, the situation in the world commercial travel market has been steadily declining for the airlines. The airlines are making less profit and the passengers are also traveling much less. This has affected the airlines, as they still have to meet the high costs of repaying the purchase costs of the planes and the lease costs at the airports. Along with that they also have to meet a high cost for the labor contracts. During the period of 1990-2000, the wages had been rising at a high rate, faster than the rise in air travel rates. Thus the growth in expense for the airlines was faster than the rise in fares and most of the world's airlines are deep in the red and are approaching bankruptcy-seeking protection. On top of all these woes, the events of 9/11 have added to their problems."
Abstract This paper explores the extent to which US Airways was affected by the events of September 11 and the restructuring strategies it has begun to implement in an attempt to recover from bankruptcy and economic ruin. The reasons for the airline's economic decline are stated, and the measures implemented in order to improve liquidity, increase revenues, and reduce costs, while simultaneously taking advantage of competitive strengths are outlined, as well.
From the Paper "One of the principal certified air carriers in the US for transport of passengers, property and mail is US Airways. They have a code sharing arrangement with nine other air carriers to operate under the joint trade name "US Airways Express". These airlines include Allegheny, piedmont, PSA and Potomac. This airline serves nearly 200 cities in the US, Canada, Mexico, Europe and the Caribbean and is the 7th largest airline in the United States. The airline filed for bankruptcy protection on August 11th, 2002 and was the first among the airlines to seek bankruptcy protection. This was the first filing of bankruptcy protection by a major airline since the attacks of September 11th. Of course, the attack of September 11th has triggered a financial crisis in the entire industry."
Abstract This paper explains that, with a dominant position at London's Heathrow, Europe's busiest airport, BA enjoys a powerful franchise; but BA's cost-cutting, downsizing strategy has caused it to lose its leadership position in both the European and global markets. The author points out that the two segments of the market important to BA, transatlantic flights and business travel, have been particularly hit; compounding the problem is that British Airway's most important partner in the One World alliance of carriers, American Airlines, is in deep trouble. The paper states that BA's response to competition from Ryanair has been poor because, despite projections that the low-cost carriers were expected to grow by thirty percent a year, BA sold its no-frills carrier, Go, in 2001 and put its marketing budget behind winning premium class passengers.
Table of Contents
Changes in the Business Environment
The Operations of BA, Air France and Ryanair
BA Marketing strategies (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning)
Marketing Mix Comparison: BA, Air France and Ryanair
Change in Critical Success Factors for BA
BA's Response to Ryanair
From the Paper "With triple the costs of Ryanair, BA had relied on premium business travelers and transatlantic flights to absorb its expensive operations. And, it had not encountered meaningful competition from no-frills airlines. Therefore, the real critical factors for BA's success were first-rate service and ample capacity across a large portfolio of destinations. As the market turned south because of a variety of issues such as economic recession, disease and terrorism, BA was ill prepared to readily streamline its operations and change its marketing strategy."
A detailed marketing communications plan for British Airways European Passenger Business. It includes up-to-date situational analysis (PEST and SWOT), aims and objectives and a strategy for achieving results.
Abstract This paper outlines a marketing plan for the European Passenger Business of British Airways (BA). BA's communications strategy to date is reviewed and new objectives and targets to be achieved over the next year are set, in order to increase brand awareness and a loyal customer base. BA's current situation and strategy is analysed and the key problems and areas of weakness that need to be addressed are identified.
From the Paper "However, events over the past three years (both internal and external) have hit profit margins and damaged the brand's reputation and image, which have impacted sales. The Future Size and Shape plan was developed and implemented in 2002 to restructure the business and reduce costs, in order to achieve profits. Associated reductions in employee numbers amount to around 15,000. However, employee dissatisfaction has grown, with unions threatening strike action on an annual basis (August bank holiday weekend 2003 and 2004). Most recently this culminated in 100 flights being cancelled at Heathrow, partly due to staff shortages, which was estimated to have cost BA ?10m. Press coverage has been highly negative ? partly fuelled by BA's poorly planned compensation offer (free flights to some employees, whilst customers have to apply for their money back). BA's share price (see figure 1) has been affected by these developments, in addition to external factors such as fuel price rises."
