Abstract "Introduction: Remote Sensing and Clay (Soil Moisture Content)
Remote sensing is defined as the acquisition of information about the condition and/or state of a target by a sensor that is not in direct physical contact with it.
From the Paper "Introduction: Remote Sensing and Clay (Soil Moisture Content)
Remote sensing is defined as the acquisition of information about the condition and/or state of a target by a sensor that is not in direct physical contact with it. This information is normally transmitted in the form of electromagnetic radiation (emr); hence it is a non-destructive, silent technology. The source of this energy may be 'active' or 'passive.'
The relationship between the 'source' signal interacting with a target and the 'received' signal being sensed provides information about the earth's surface and is used in remote sensing to characterize the surface. The information about an object is of 2 kinds: (1) it relates to the objects morphology (size, shape, and texture) from the way it is illuminated and shadowed by its relationship to the source of light and; (2) the ..."
Abstract This paper describes various types of ecosystems. The paper defines an ecosystem as all of the organisms and their physical environment that exist within a certain, specific area, including all plants, animals, water, dirt, rocks, and the surrounding air. The paper includes a discussion of a complex mature forest ecosystem.
From the Paper "The word "ecosystem" is used frequently in the popular media, and yet most people do not have a clear, working definition of an ecosystem. An ecosystem simply refers to all of the organisms and their physical environment that exist within a certain, specific area. This includes all plants, animals, and their environment, which can include water, dirt, rocks, and the air that surrounds them. For example, all of the organisms that live in a New England tide pool, plus their physical environment would make up an ecosystem. In addition, a deciduous forest and a salt pond marsh are also ecosystems."
An analysis of the book "Food First: Beyond the Myth of Scarcity" by Francis Moore Lappe and Joseph Collins which makes a clear argument against the existence of ?a world hunger crisis.?
Abstract The paper examines the book "Food First: Beyond the Myth of Scarcity" which makes a clear argument against the existence of ?a world hunger crisis.? It shows how authors Lappe and Collins support their main thesis that rather than a ?global food shortage,? we are facing an unequal distribution system. It shows how the book discusses the development of our current food production and distribution systems and how it supports the idea that there is in reality enough food production to supply everyone on earth with an adequate amount of calories, but that there is much wasted energy in the production, packaging and distribution of food to certain parts of the world. Finally, the paper discusses the main thesis of the book that there is actually no real food shortage, just an unequal distribution to certain parts of the world.
From the Paper "The primary focus of Lappe and Collins was to prove the theories of Malthus to be false through historical example. The theories of population growth as a basis for the existence of worldwide food famine is one of the major arguments world economists today who promote that distribution and development of better manufacturing techniques to in order to produce more food and support more people. Lappe and Collins have shown through many examples that there has always been enough food production to support the global population, but that a very small percent has been in control of the land to produce the food and the food itself, once produced. humans have always found a way to intensify food production to meet local needs."
From the Paper "Overpopulation and world hunger have been discussed as interrelating factors since the 1950s, when concern about the exploding "baby boom," particularly in developing countries, was considered in light of the growing international trade market following World War II. The purpose of this paper will be to analyze this relationship today, the truths and myths surrounding it and how elements such as food supply, technology, birth rates and birth control figure into the equation.
The world's population in 1950 was about 2.5 billion; some time in the late 1980s it passed five billion. This increase in the last forty years equals the total population growth over the millions of years from when man first emerged as a species. Further, the population is increasing by 80 million a year and it is expected that by the year 2025 the ... "
Abstract This paper discusses how deforestation is affecting Orangutans' habitat and how without urgent actions to combat the deforestation, their extinction is imminent. The author examines the orangutan's habitat, deforestation in Indonesia, the current status of Orangutan habitat and gives various recommendations to solve the problem.
From the Paper "The rainforests, thriving in the tropical humid rain lines of the earth, is a heaven on earth for millions of species of flora and fauna of the world. The frequent raindrops through the year and warm climate around the equator have made variety of living species in the wildlife grow as swiftly as possible. The outsized canopy of hundreds-year-old bulky trees becomes the safe home of assortment of vegetation and animals to breed and make the invaluable treasures of the world.
As time passes by, human activities encroach deeper into the wood. The high demand of logs, papers and other wood products had increased; and human grasp into the forests to cut them off to fulfill the national economic calls. The rainforest no longer becomes a sanctuary for the populations of animal and plants inside."
Abstract This paper discusses the concepts of genetically modified (GM) seed and the controversy that lies in the illegality of commercially growing GM seed within the European Union that hasn"t been approved by EU regulators. It uses as an example the venture between AstraZeneca Plc and the Dutch cooperative Cosun in manufacturing GM seed.
Outline:
The Corporation
The Controversy
How Did this Happen"
How Do GM Products Get Approval?
What Regulation Exists?
Where does Zeneca Agrochemicals Fit in with these Accusations?
Fallout?
Sources
From the Paper "Regulations do exist for testing GM seed; different for the sale in both the United States and Europe. In Europe, before any genetically modified crop can be used in food, it is evaluated by an independent scientific advisory committee that reports to the EU government. Each EU member state may then examine the crop with their own expert committees. All member states then decide together and the permit comes from the state where the crop was first assessed. Any food product that is not genetically pure (within 1%) in Europe must be labeled as such.(20)"
Abstract This paper examines how many people believe processual and interpretive archaeology to be completely different schools of thought. By looking at the seven main concepts of processual archaeology and the eight main concepts of interpretive archaeology, the writer demonstrates how they go hand in hand as well as complement each other. The example used is the origin of agriculture.
From the Paper "Though processual archaeology and interpretive archaeology appear to take different approaches to the study of the human past, they share a common end goal: to understand how societies came into being, how they developed and how they worked, all using data from the archaeological record. The two circles of thought each claim their distinctiveness from the other, but if we compare and contrast their main points, we will see how these two methods relate very closely. In other words, their main differences may just be in terms of scale of analysis. By examining the articles on the origins of agriculture (Redding; Richerson, Boyd, and Bettinger; Hayden; and Hodder) and the approaches of the authors in terms of processual vs. interpretive archaeology, we will see the strengths and weaknesses of each. Ultimately, this analysis will provide insight on how a combination of both fields may prove a more effective method for the study of the human past."
Abstract According to a 1994 GAO analysis, without water subsidies in California, farms would still be profitable. This paper first discusses the history of water subsidies, before showing their advantages and disadvantages. It ultimately argues that water subsidies should be done away with because of the billions of dollars they cost taxpayers each year and the fact that they encourage farmers to squander money.
From the Paper "There are, however, far more negatives to providing farmer subsidies then positives. The main negative is the price of providing farmers with water - since 1902 we have lost 70 billion dollars in water subsidies, and it cost taxpayers approximately 2.2 billion a year (Candee). Also, the subsidies are not benefiting the farmers that need it the most, ?Many corporate farms circumvent the acreage limits in reclamation law, thereby preventing small farmers from buying land at prices that are affordable while giving those larger operators unintended competitive advantages (Adams).? These water subsidies also cause a large loss in water; the San Joaquin River is dry for more than 12 miles because the flow of the river has been used for agricultural purposes. In regions near large water subsidies there has been destruction of wetlands and a decrease in fish and wildlife populations. In my opinion the negatives outweigh the positives of water subsidies."
Abstract A report on the growing crisis in the Middle East due to the lack of substantial water resources. This lack of the necessary fresh water for agriculture and everyday uses has been brought about by a number of factors, the most important of which is the fact that the region now has too great a population to be supported by the ecology of the region. The paper looks at how the water shortage is dealt with in each of the region's individual countries and includes facts and figures relating to water usage and needs in the area.
From the Paper "Some Middle Eastern nations, like nations in other parts of the globe, are increasingly turning to the use of deep aquifers as a way to supply their people with water, but the long-term consequences of this may prove to be environmental perilous. Moreover, such use of aquifers often (rather than resolving regional and international water conflicts) actually makes them worse, as is the case with the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer, which lies under the national territories of Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan."
Abstract The thesis of the book is that the popular reasons, which are used to explain world hunger, are simply false. This book stresses the way that people think about hunger is the greatest obstacle to ending it.
Abstract This paper presents a discussion about agriculture and how it changed the environment over time. The writer also addresses the question of how this determined the faith of human society over time.
Abstract This paper examines the technology behind genetically modified crops, the potential risks of GMCs, the benefits of GMCs, the criticisms of the arguments used to oppose GMCs, and the general worldwide opinion regarding the use of GMCs.
From the Paper "But are these crops really so dangerous? The issue of genetic modification of crops is perhaps so vexing and problematic because the United States and the European Community pursue completely different policies regarding the issue. Unlike so many issues of health, both countries have completely different views as to the safety of genetic modification, the US allowing the process, the EU condemning it."
Tags: natural, engineered, healthful, genetic, structure, frankenstein, food, fda
Abstract This paper looks at how wine making is an ancient but evolving art and science and how only recently have vintners and scientists alike been able to understand and, therefore, control the actions of yeast on the fermentation process. It discusses the whole fermentation process from the different stages of fermentation to the different strains of yeasts and catalysts used.
From the Paper "Fundamentally, fermentation occurs when sugars are transformed into alcohol, carbon dioxide, and some chemical by-products. In the case of wine, the carbon dioxide is released. The entire process involves no fewer than thirty chemical reactions (Peynaud 94). Yeast catalyzes fermentation. During the initial stage of wine fermentation, which lasts up to one week, the winemaker will leave the vessel open to the air. Thus, primary fermentation is aerobic, which allows the yeast to multiply in number instead of getting to work on the conversion of sugars into alcohol. Especially within the first few days of fermentation, yeasts concentrate almost all their energy on reproduction. Biologically, winemaking yeasts reproduce by budding or by the formation of spores. Saccharomyces yeasts reproduce by budding."
