Examines the history of fashion, psychological effects on the public, sociocultural aspects, selling of body images, impact of the industry and advertising on adolescent girls, anorexia and bulimia.
5,625 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 26 sources, 1999, $ 135.95
Abstract The purpose of this research is to examine connections between the policies, strategies, and practices of the fashion industry and the phenomenon of eating disorders. The plan of the research will be to set forth the background and context in which such connections can be credibly made and then to discuss the extent to which compelling evidence exists that there is fashion-industry culpability in the reach and severity of eating disorders.
From the Paper "The purpose of this research is to examine connections between the policies, strategies, and practices of the fashion industry and the phenomenon of eating disorders. The plan of the research will be to set forth the background and context in which such connections can be credibly made and then to discuss the extent to which compelling evidence exists that there is fashion-industry culpability in the reach and severity of eating disorders, where such disorders can be interpreted as a response of fashion-industry customers to social and cultural norms that the industry either shapes or leads.
The influence of the fashion industry on medical pathology that arises from eating pathology cannot be understood without an appreciation of the ability of cultural norms to influence a whole range of human behavior within that culture. Equally ..."
Abstract This paper explores the effects of advertising. Specifically, it deals with the potentially harmful impact of advertising on children. Remedies are suggested to combat the negative effects of advertising.
Abstract This paper examines how effective public relations is the key to many issues that arise in a corporation, government, or other entity, and how, without a good public relations stance and department, an entity can find itself in situations it is not prepared to handle. Through three different real world examples, Johnson and Johnson, ValuJet Airlines, and the President Clinton-Monica Lewinsky scandal, it demonstrates how not all situations are easy to handle and not all organizations or individuals are equipped to handle tough situations. It looks at how it is essential to consider all views and to launch a clear and effective public relations campaign as quickly as possible.
From the Paper "As the crisis continued to unfold and the media began to spin the situation out of control, Lewis Jordan felt he was best equipped to handle the press and the investigation that was already underway. He flew directly to the site the day after the incident and fielded questions from the site no matter how tough the questions were. However, he continued to make it clear through his public relations message that his first priority was to the families of the ones who perished in the crash. He also felt his expertise in the airline industry was another reason for him to run the public relations message and to help the company recover from this tragic event. Jordan and ValuJet faced a media onslaught and faced speculation from the media that the cause was everything from old aircraft to the engines in the plane being substandard without any evidence as to the cause of the crash."
Abstract As the forces of globalization create a movement towards product standardization, cultural issues seem to continuously emerge. Several authors and researchers such as Hofstede, Hall and Trompenaar, whose main theories are explained in the paper, try to respond to these issues. However, large multinational enterprises (MNEs) seem to always fall into the trap and disregard concepts such as differentiation, localities, and adaptation. This essay identifies the impact of culture on global marketing by investigating the existing theories with the aid of examples of large-scale marketing decisions.
Table of Contents:
1.0 Origins of Culture and Impacts in Global Marketing
1.1 Political and Economic Forces
1.2 Technology
1.3 Geography
1.4 Social Institutions
2.0 Hofstede's Framework for Understanding Cultures
2.1 Individualism vs. Collectivism
2.2 Power Distance
2.3 Uncertainty Avoidance
2.4 Masculinity vs. Femininity
2.5 Long Term vs. Short Term Focus (Orientation)
3.0 Critical Evaluation of Hofstede's Framework
4.0 High/Low Context Cultures
5.0 Cross Cultural Negotiations and Communication
6.0 Environmental Sensitivity: Globalization, Localization and Adaptation in Marketing
7.0 Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "Although important, the work of Hofstede can be- and has been- criticized in many ways. There are many weaknesses in his theory with the most important being the lack of subjectivity. The number of countries selected, as well as the number of people and the conditions under which they were interviewed, did not constitute a qualified sample for drawing sound conclusions, but merely gave a "snap shot" of how some cultures could behave. Likewise, while the framework successfully categorizes the different sets of cultural values, it fails to explain which of these is the most influential for the formulation of culture. In many instances the framework seems quite vague."
Abstract A critique of the fast food industry that discusses Eric Schlosser's book, "Fast Food Nation" and Morgan Spurlock's documentary film, "Supersize Me". It contends that both present ample evidence that the health and longevity of the American people are being severely damaged by the fast food industry.
From the Paper "Eric Schlosser's, "Fast Food Nation" uses the truth to persuade his readers of the reality of the facts and opinions presented in his book. Unlike the devious deceptive and manipulative methods used by the fast food industry to stimulate sales on ..."
Abstract During the past six decades, television advertising has changed considerably. Today, there are television commercials for a myriad of products, including drugs for virtually every health complaint, from headaches to erectile dysfunction. This paper shows that over the years, some television commercials have created concerns and stirred controversy. The paper looks at false advertising, commercials directed at children and teens, sex and medical advertisements.
From the Paper "In 2005,it was reported that automakers are now developing marketing strategies to reach gay consumers, a large, often affluent and trend-setting demographic (LaReau 2005). According to General Motors market research data, gay Americans each have an average household income of nearly $65,000, compared to $45,000 of all U.S. households (LaReau 2005). In fact, during the past decade, gay television commercials have been popping up more and more on the airwaves (Is 2000). For example the Volkswagen ad that portrayed two trendy young males stopping curbside to pick up a discarded "kitschy old armchair," or the John Hancock Insurance commercial that featured a female couple adopting a baby (Is 2000)."
Abstract This paper examines how the tobacco industry markets it's products, with specific attention payed to the youth market. The author also describes the tobacco industry, and details its success and failures, especially over the past years wince the public now has a heightened awareness of the negative affects of smoking. Several components of the marketing plan are analyzed and evaluated. The components of the campaign discussed include the use of cartoon characters, free cigarette giveaways, event sponsorship and the use of walking billboards.
From the Paper "Researches and findings have indicated that tobacco companies have always attempted to target their marketing campaigns entirely the young generation between the ages of 18- to 25 year who are mostly smokers. Furthermore, the financial incentive is overwhelming for involving underage smokers more effectively than the competition. Countries like Unites States and Canada has the tobacco industry sponsors with so-called youth access programs, in which the retailers are repeatedly told as not to sell tobacco products to minors (Redirect to - Regulation of Tobacco Sales, Marketing, and Use)."
Abstract This paper is an analysis of how women compare themselves to the female images that are displayed to them today as role models. The author examines the current backlash against feminism today. The paper pays particular attention to body image and the eating disorders that plague so many women as a result of the skeletal models and actresses they perceive as perfection.
From the Paper "Over the past twenty years women have not been content merely to denounce biases and inequities in the established media. Women have created and used countless alternative and participatory communication channels to support their struggles, defend their rights, promote reflection, diffuse their own forms of representation. This process has made women the primary subjects of struggle and change in communication systems, by developing oppositional and proactive alternatives that influence language, representations and communication technologies."
Abstract The following paper discusses the elements of successful communication, effective advertising, and the factors that cause information to cross the line into propaganda.
From the Paper "Communications strategies are concerned with the planning, implementing and control of persuasive communication with customers or potential customers. The strategies are the plan and the tactics are the action. Advertising is a strategic persuasion consistent with the objectives of the person or entity sponsoring this communication.
Advertising is mass communication that is paid for. It is the most visible element of the marketing mix; it ha the broadest potential reach of all forms of commercial persuasive communication.
Advertising is a form of mass selling, employed when the use of direct, person-to-person selling is impractical, impossible, or simply inefficient. It performs the same general role of all communications as a whole: it informs, creates awareness, attempts to persuade, and reinforces buying behavior of present customers. It can also play a major role in positioning a company or its product(s)."
Abstract A paper which explores how the media contributes to the bad eating habits of the American people. It examines issues such as advertising, projection of the "cool" or perfect image, targeting of children, dental problems and health issues. The paper also discusses ways in which the media can be used to deliver positive and educational messages.
From the Paper "Children are an easy and promising market. According to MediaQuotient research, an American child watches TV for 25 hours a week; some of the children have television set in their bedroom, where they can spend time relaxing in bed watching their favorite cartoon with an ice cream gallon in hand. Families also often have their television on during meals, as 18% of the participants say always, 22% say often, and 26% do it sometimes, showing that much of the time they are exposed to TV shows and commercials."
