Abstract This paper examines the similarities of outlook and points of departure between environmentalists and animal rights activists. This includes a literature review which evaluates the background for the differing perspectives of these groups. The author points out similarities between environmentalists and animal rights activists, but concludes that these groups still have distinct opinions. The paper concludes by stating the two groups should be aware that they are fighting the same battle.
From the Paper " The facts of the matter are this: there are some people who believe that environmental ethics and animal rights are two different and disjointed genres, there are still who believe that animal rights and the conservative or backward morals/principles have more in common then environmental ethics and animal right, it is also true, perhaps based on the most sound facts, that both the advocates of environmental health and animals rights have the exact identical foe, for example, an environmentalist and animal rights activist would both equally care about the hazardous effects of cutting down rainforests to evenly space the luxurious demand of lifestyles of the ever growing population, they would equally be concerned about the poisonous waste dumps in the oceans and rivers that has been one of the causes of the endangerment of whales, etc. In fact, when looking at the records of the environmental fights and debates that have been fought in the past, it is no surprise to see the aspect of animal suffering and extinction being given its due attention. It is also interesting to note that fights fought by the environmentalist and animal rights activist before the World War II took place were all based on the selfish and ruthless destruction of one of the nature's most bounty resources and the extinction of the other in order to better insure the development of weapons or forces equipments, and treating both the natural resources and animals (humans and non-humans) as expendable and insignificant goods. Both groups refused to believe in the utmost faith given to science as the solution to all the problems and it is no surprise that both these revolutions began with very little space between each other. There are people now who support both the groups; environmentalist and animal rights, and feel that there is no distinction or apprehension between the two concepts, and feel that both are concerned about the greater good of the same thing: nature (Jamieson, 1997). "
Abstract While some may view the beliefs of animal activists as extreme, it does seem possible that as a result of pressure from such groups, zoos have become more sensitive to the true needs of the animals they hold and protect. This paper explains that, while critics maintain that zoos cannot teach anything useful or accurate about wild animals, others argue that, for the great majority of people, they will come across wild animals only in zoos or in books. It discusses how those who support zoos believe that by seeing these animals upfront people become more aware of the need to preserve the animals' natural habitats, to end poaching, and to take the other measures that will ensure the animals' long-term survival in the wild.
From the Paper "Zoos have come a long way in the last 150 years, moving from small, cramped cages to natural habitats. Zoos make sure that social animals live in groups, and they try to make the habitats as natural and comfortable for the animals as possible. However, animal activists argue persuasively that these settings are artificial and that visitors don't actually learn a lot about the animals in their natural environment from seeing them in a zoo (Staff writers, 1997)."
Abstract This paper discusses the anti-slavery activists in America during the time of the Civil War. The paper illustrates that as a parallel with the abolitionist movement before, during and after the Civil War and in many ways even more activist-based and radical, the 'Underground Railroad' was a very organized effort and was essentially created to assist runaway slaves from the south to escape to freedom in the north. The paper explains that the term itself does not refer to a real railroad but to the carefully planned escape routes which the runaway slaves could follow to the northern states. The paper tells of the heroic activities of many activists, among others: Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass and David Walker.
From the Paper "Along this Underground Railroad, the escape routes would follow roads, rivers and streams and long-forgotten paths through dense forest or towering mountains. In the East, many of these routes led to major cities, such as Philadelphia; in the Midwest, Cincinnati, Ohio became one of the focal points for escaped slaves, and those with enough courage to continue northward usually ended up at Buffalo, New York or Detroit, Michigan. One particular aspect of the Underground Railroad has been debated for many years, being exactly how many slaves used this clandestine method to obtain their freedom. Since no accurate records exist, it has been estimated "that between 40,000 and 100,0000 slaves managed to escape from the South and start new lives in the North as free and independent Americans before and after Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and the end of the Civil War in 1865" (Buckmaster 76)."
Abstract This paper examines the many differences between activism in early and present-day America. The paper explains that, not only are goals and issues different, but the methods of calling attention to those goals and achieving them are different as well. In particular, the paper suggests that today's activist are more concerned with the common good than were the activists of the past who were more concerned with acquiring and protecting their wealth.
From the Paper "The Colonial Radicals were constructed largely of men, and those men of some substance, whether intellectually, influentially or financially, as
far as the leading forces were concerned. Modern Activists are made up of just about anyone who has a passion for some injustice or something they want to change. Communications is the main influence for the vastly different population of the Modern Activist, and to augment this is the internet, which can span countries together with the same causes. Of course, a people more united makes a more formiddable force, and, in the near future, world leader's will be forced to bend to these people, who are now uniting with similar causes."
Abstract The paper looks at Fannie Lou Hamer, civil rights speaker and political activist who was a grass roots leader of the southern Civil Rights movement. The paper provides a biographical sketch about Hamer and explains that the differences between her and other prominent civil rights activists are based on the fact that Hamer was an ordinary person. The paper describes the violence, coercion and many trials Hamer faced as a poor, dark black woman with little education.
From the Paper "One of the most striking figures associated with the civil rights movement is a black woman from rural Mississippi that left a lasting impression in the minds of the nation. This woman was an outspoken and vital asset to civil rights for blacks in the south and especially with regard to the right to vote and the right to representation. Fannie Lou Hamer, civil rights speaker and political activist was a grass roots leader of the southern civil rights movement, beginning her career as an activist by making a bold attempt to register to vote in a region of the United States where countless legal and social obstacles were placed in front of her, as she was black and she was a woman."
Abstract This paper is an argument against PETA's policies regarding the protection of animals at all cost. The author argues that PETA and animal rights activists' policies have led to inequality in the world, and that the poorer nations are suffering as a result of these policies. The author also argues, that there is an order to the world, and that animals and humans each play a specific role in this world order.
From the paper:
"However it's not acceptable at all for undeveloped or poor countries not having any of those advanced technologies. For instance, because of a lack of crops and vegetables, which results from not having advanced agricultural technology, people in poor and undeveloped countries need to get animals and eat their meat to survive. Besides, far from use and need, animals are like enemies to some tribal people. They have to fight with enemies, and they sometimes have to kill enemies in some cases. The policy of "animal rights" is valid only for developed countries, and it indicates that such animal rights organizations like PETA mostly consist of people from advanced countries with great consideration for animals and no consideration for the needy elsewhere in the world."
This paper looks at the life of civil right activist Fannie Lou Hamer through an examination of the book "For Freedoms Sake, The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer" by Chana Kai Lee.
Abstract In this paper we are given some insight into the lives of African-Americans in the South during their fight for civil rights and equality. There were many women who joined the struggle and this paper looks at the contribution of one of these women.
From the Paper "The deplorable injustices experienced by blacks in America prior to and during the civil rights movement era were intolerable. Racial equality reform was sorely needed. Many civil rights advocates surfaced to better the conditions for blacks, but were met with a tide of persecution. One of these activists was Fannie Lou Hamer. The compelling story of Fannie Lou Hamer is a testament to the tenacity of the human spirit. The book, "For Freedoms Sake, The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer" by Chana Kai Lee offers an insightful chronicle into the life of this brave fighter for equality."
Abstract This paper examines the life of Maya Angelou - a writer and advocate of racial equality. It looks at her life and upbringing and sees how these effected her choice of career and life style. The paper analyzes some of her writings and examines some of her leaderships characteristics and for their effectiveness.
From the Paper "Hailed as one of the greatest voices of contemporary literature and film, Maya Angelou's accomplishments extend beyond the arts to include a lifetime of leadership and social activism. Born during the Great Depression as Marguerite Johnson, Maya's coast to coast life experiences include everything from the simple, backwards town of Stamps, Arkansas to the high-energy city life of San Francisco to international travel as a renowned and respected human rights advocate."
Abstract The author lists many new trends in public agency management. The paper states that managers of public agencies must learn new skills. The paper continues that the talented manager continues to learn by attending educational opportunities outside and inside the organization. The author lists ways to be a career activist. The paper also reviews the principle of effectiveness, teamwork and the "mission".
From the Paper "These new trends will have an affect upon the employment world. New skills will be needed. The talented manager will not sit and wait to be asked to learn new skills, but will be preparing for the changes that will be happening in the company. The talented manager will be growing outside of the organization as well as inside the organization by taking classes, seminars, workshops, and other educational programs to keep him/her as a valued member of the company."
Abstract This paper looks at the life of Tillie Olsen who was born into a working class family and who overcame her disadvantaged upbringing to become a famous author and political activist. Her devotion to her literary work, to her family and to her politics were inextricable from one another and from the larger entity of Tillie herself. This paper also reviews some of her works and evaluates how they are based on lifetime experiences.
From the Paper "Due to her exposure to many politicos and intellectuals, as well as a natural endowment of intellectual capabilities, Tillie was able to transcend the limitations of her socio-economic status, if only for a brief time, to attend an academic high school where she was presented with greater opportunity and a richer education. And though financial needs would force her to drop out a year before she could graduate, she would be fast to point out in later interviews that she was blessed with far more education than most women in her peer group, particularly those born of working class families. But more often than not, her writing was guided heavily by political influences, as opposed to academic ones."
Discusses the life, career and legacy of this 20th Century African-American scholar, singer, actor and social and political activist persecuted by the U.S. government.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 3 sources, 1999, $ 127.95
Abstract The career of Paul Robeson, an extraordinary scholar, entertainer, and activist, was destroyed by the U.S. government. Robeson was persecuted because he was an idealist, a man of principle. He envisioned an American society in which people of all classes and colors had equal status, and believed that socialism was a promising step toward achieving this ideal.
From the Paper "The career of Paul Robeson, an extraordinary scholar, entertainer, and activist, was destroyed by the U.S. government. Robeson was persecuted because he was an idealist, a man of principle. He envisioned an American society in which people of all classes and colors had equal status, and believed that socialism was a promising step toward achieving this ideal. Unfortunately, U.S. government officials believed that any criticism of the American system was subversive. The government subsequently mounted a vicious campaign aimed at rendering Robeson's career virtually nonexistent.
During the 1890s, when Paul Robeson was born, the majority of African Americans lived in the South, an environment charged with racial bitterness and contention. Lynch mobs murdered scores of blacks each year. Although blacks had the right to ..."
Abstract This paper focuses on Panzarino's struggle and experiences as a disabled person when she was a child until she reached adulthood. In addition to the discussion of her life as child to an adult (which is included in her book, "The Me in the Mirror"), Panzarinos? life as an activist (feminist and advocate for equality among "able- bodied" and disabled people) is also discussed, since her revolutionary thoughts and ideas about "disability oppression" presents a valuable position for people who are also physically disabled like Panzarino.
From the Paper ""The Me in the Mirror" is an autobiographical work written by Constance Panzarino, a writer, activist and artist who talked about her life as a disable cause by the rare disease Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type II. Connie Panzarino was born on November 26, 1947 in Brooklyn, New York, and her book chronicles her life as a child growing and living with the said muscular disease. The book is divided into different sections that focus on various topics, and her narration is not a chronicle of her life from childhood to adulthood, but rather, Panzarino touched various aspects of her life as a disabled person. In addition to her struggle for physical mobility, her book speaks of her struggles also as a woman who is disabled, as an individual doing passionate work for her fellow disabled individuals, and most importantly, her fight against the concept of ?Ableism,? a term that she coined to describe the belief that people have more power and more right to things when they?re stronger and more able. In effect, Panzarino's fight against ableism is her way of destroying what she terms as ?disability oppression.? "
This paper discusses the feminization of poverty a growing problem in America where increasing numbers of women and children have been forced into poverty, by a combination of social and economic factors.
Abstract This paper discusses the many causes of the feminization of poverty including the breakdown of the two parent family and the inadequacy of women's wages to support a family. The author explores the theories of John Mill and of many contemporary activists for an insight into this problem. The author feels that, to solve the difficult problem of the feminization of poverty, American policy makers must begin to see the feminization of poverty as a social and economic issue and disregard negative stereotypes of individuals in poverty.
From the Paper "Edelman has many criticisms of the Clinton welfare bill. Troublingly, Edelman notes that the new bill allows states to manage their own welfare system. As such, welfare no longer needs to come as cash. For example, it could come in the form of certificates that must be redeemed with a specific contract organization. Further, Edelman notes that federal welfare funds are now capped, freezing funding for six years."
Abstract Importance of education in Douglass' evolvement from slave to respected writer and activist. Cites injustices of slavery. Root of evil behavior of white slave owners including using Christianity to justify their actions. Changes Douglass underwent when he learned to read and gain knowledge. His growing sense of empowerment.
From the Paper "Frederick Douglass
Learning and knowledge make all the difference in the world, as Frederick Douglass proves by changing himself from another man's slave to a widely respected writer. A person is not necessarily what others label him. The self is completely independent, and through learning can move proverbial mountains.
The Narrative of Frederick Douglass shows the evolution of Frederick Douglass becoming the self-made man. Douglass observes the injustices and discrepancies that were prevalent during slavery. He then tries to understand the root of the evil behavior of white slave holders in an effort to abolish slavery. Through his exploration of the Christian religion in America, he is able to come to many realizations that strengthen his persuading narrative..."
This paper describes the role of student activists in the quest for civil rights during the 1960s, emphasizing their role in the "sit-in" movement, Freedom Rides, the Mississippi Freedom Summer of 1964 and the rise of Black Power.
Abstract This paper states that, regardless of whether student activists were rioting or peacefully sitting-in, they played a fundamental role in encouraging social reform in civil rights in the 1960s. The author believes that their volunteerism inspired other youths to more actively participate in their communities and supported a great liberal tradition in colleges and universities. The author feels that, most of all, the activism and gains produced the foundations for many other movements that occurred in the 1960s: The free speech and anti-establishment movements, the anti-war protests and women's rights.
From the Paper "The social and political conditions of 1960s America spawned a revolutionary attitude. This emerged from the new humanism, a mood that materialized from a deep felt revulsion to man's inhumanity against man. The era's movements were grounded in a democratic vision; the belief that all people should be full members of society, that individuals become empowered through meaningful social participation and that politics should be founded on respect and compassion. The activists attempted to express the voices of those society treated as "other": racial and ethnic minorities, the poor, women, homosexuals, and Vietnamese peasants. Students particularly caught on to this movement and spread it to the general public through protests, demonstrations, and activism within the community."
Tags: reform, example, volunteerism, participation, liberal
